WOW....things that make you go MMMHHH🤔 THANK you Melissa for this DEEP, DEEP DIVE into 'WAR PAINT/MAKE-UP/WORLD CONQUEST' and giving us a glimpse into the world players. Makes one REALLY wonder WHO these women's parents/hubbies really were in order for them to be such PIVITOL world players, oh sorry, painters😉
Thanks, Faith. There's so much more! For instance, looking at your comment made me wonder about the children of Elizabeth Arden (none) and Helena Rubinstein (two sons). Both of Rubinstein's sons worked for her company. Her younger son died of a heart attack in his forties. Her older son lived to 79, and appears to have dabbled in philanthropy, and served on the Board of Governors of the Tel Aviv Museum. What was most interesting about Roy, is that he was in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) during WWII. The OSS was a precursor to the CIA.
The most important legacy that Estee Lauder left behind was her family. I could have gone much deeper into them and maybe it's a part 2! :) Her granddaughters are active in philanthropy and all that really entails. Their marriages have also added to empire and intelligence gathering. For instance, Jane is married to Kevin Warsh, who was the youngest-ever governor and appointee to the U.S. Federal Reserve System. He has been said to be on the short list to succeed Jerome Powell as Chairman of the Federal Reserve.
Again I say WOW!!!! Things in this world are NEVER as they seem or better yet, as they are presented to us. YES, a part 2 is definitely NEEDED!!!! xoxoxox
Quite the deep dive. Here’s a war-paint related article from yesterday about a football player that was fined for writing “stop the genocide” in the black strips under his eyes last week in a playoff game:
Also, about the Aspen Institute, could be just a coincidence, but it’s kind of notable that it has such a close proximity to the military base carved into Cheyenne Mountain in Colorado that was originally known as “Ent Air Force Base.”
“In its mirror mass culture is always the fairest in all the land.” Theodore Adorno
Interesting religious name. Lauds or Laudes is the first canonical hour of the divine office beginning at 6...hmm?...aren’t they Jewish? Laudes signifies the dawn, or the dawning of a new age and also the resurrection of Christ. Historically, Matins, a night prayer, or a lament for the dying of a Sun/Son, and Lauds were a single office that ended only at dawn. In Christian tradition Laudes was a morning prayer, including repeating psalms in praise (laudate) and celebration (laud) of the resurrected Sun of god. The dawn is associated with Jesus Christ as the light of the world, who came to dispel the spiritual darkness, (John 8:12.)
Perhaps religion is the Laudanum of the masses?
Interesting that this was one of the first companies to enter the USSR after the fall of the wall, then quickly moved into China. I’m sure Estee (East) Lauder (laudatory) sings praise to the land of the rising sun.
Awwww! You spoiled it now...I was saving my ‘secrets’ for when Alan talked about Scotland in the ‘Covid Years.’ Oh well, I’ll post some of it now, since you asked so nicely, but it’s not finished and I’m still reading.
When you dig into the ancient writings you’ll find many theories on the origin, physical stature and manners of the Pict’s. Here are a few of the deliberate contradictions which lead us all in Celtic circles. ‘Spinning circles in my mind’ — a Pictish problem indeed. A Pict paints a thousand (contra) dictions—words.
The name Pict comes from the Roman name Pictii, which means the painted ones or tattooed ones. (They may have called themselves something else because our histories are written by the conquerors who DePict history in a certain shade or colour.) They were known to inhabit Northern Britain around 2500 BC. They were known to have ancient kingdoms which pre-date any Celtic peoples or the authorized history we have been given.
In ancient writings they are depicted as ‘non-Ayran’ origin, separate from the Scots of Ireland. A small pygmy people with short black curly hair. They tattooed their bodies with a sharp needle in a sundry of colours, but predominately blue or green, which was derived from tree roots, plants and moss. There were described as a people unclothed. These traits are not Celtic or ancient European. This seems to designate an eastern origin. Also, Northern Britain was more a temperate climate in ancient times
Here is a quote from James Boswell, ‘The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson, LL.D.’ published in 1784, but recorded in 1773:
“There was great diversity in the faces of the circle around us: Some were as black and wild in their appearance as any American savages whatever. One woman was as comely almost as the figure of Sappho, as we see it painted.”
I cannot confirm the authenticity of this video or the photographs, or I don’t agree with the whole Jewish connection. Enjoy the nice music from Clannad though.
On old maps of Edinburgh, the area of Morningside, there are areas called Canaan and Egypt, with a small burn, called Jordan. Dumyat is a hill in the area known as Ochil hills, in Scotland, named after areas in Egypt with exactly the same names. The island of Iona is named after Ionian of Grecian fame.
Some say the Picts or in Scots Gaelic, Pechts, were tall, long limbed, and shaved their beards but not their top lip.
Some authors claim that they were ancient Britons who inhabited the island long before our known history, but some say that their language was no different to Cymri of Briton, from the Cambrian Mountains. Cam means egg – born of a wondrous egg – Bri, comes from Briidi which means ‘painted ones.’ Painted eggs for Easter?
They were fierce warriors who rode small horses, using a target (small round shield) and spears, they also carried a sword – much in common with the Khazars. They are described as a barbarous people (according to civilized historians! Control freaks don’t like difference). There was no marriage. The women had children to multiple male partners, if desired, but monogamy was also known, meaning neither was a taboo. The men were the protectors of the tribe while the women and children were the heart of the tribe. Some say that they held animals in herds and flocks and lived without houses or castles, living in forests or open shelters. Others say they built stone houses, half in the earth or wooden structures, ie log cabins.
Their art, the so called Celtic art was definitely used by the Picts, but has its origin in Asia and India. (Many English words and the symbols of this system originate from ancient India.) Constructing weaponry, building stone houses or carving wooden structures, signifies that they had knowledge of scientific techniques in metallurgy, alchemy and many other crafts. Some say they knew how to mine and were classed as a cave dwelling or subterranean people, trading in metals and wearing intricate jewellery. We are certainly not dealing with ape men or women. We are dealing with scientific knowledge which pre-dates our known history.
Historians would have you believe that Hadrian built a wall to keep out the marauding Picts. The Romans actually built two walls. The Antonius or Antonine wall, built much further north, located near the Firth of the Forth, spanning Scotland from East to West. My own personal opinion on the building of walls to keep the hordes out, could also show that the Romans wanted to keep the hordes in, pen them in for experimentation purposes, possibly to breed them out. Long term business planning.
The Picts were forced to flee and defend themselves in the hills and crags of the Highland mountains in Scotland – the Highlanders. Which they did with success for hundreds if not thousands of years. We have to take their telescoping of time with a huge pinch of sea salt. I think we are dealing with histories that has been buried in the sands of time.
The Cymri word for the head of a wall is Pennakel. Pentagon. To be pent up, to pen in.
“Beneath the rule of men entirely great the pen is mightier than the sword.”
Some authors say the Picts were called; Di or Deu-Caledonians. Dee, or the letter D, signifies black in ancient Cymri. Many of the Irish Scotti and Welsh Briton tribes begin with D; Desi & Dyfed. (Be sure to get Alan’s books for a deeper understanding of commonly used letters and the significance of Dee, DesDemona’s Dictionary!) Some authors claimed them pirates or robbers, ‘black Scots’ or ‘black armies’ with black ships. That could easily signify ships tarred with bitumen, or that the ships were crewed with black heads? The same authors say they were an ancient sea faring people.
In America B.C., by Barry Fell, he shows evidence that the Celt’s and Pict’s were far more advanced in building ships and sea-faring than the Romans in the time of Caesar, whom waxed lyrical about the craftsmanship of the Celtic navy, stating that the height of their ships were so dominant that they had an advantage in using their spears to attack the much smaller Roman vessels. Remember, in Scots, to spear means to dig in; to spear is a mining term. Caesar also claimed the superiority of the Celtic vessels to withstand tempests and high waves, he was amazed that their ships had no oars, but could sail against the wind due their navigational skills. Barry Fell has uncovered analogue mechanical devices, computational astrolabes for measuring and identifying stars and constellations during the day for navigational purposes. Advanced scientific techniques in ancient times, which many historians and AI continually try to obfuscate.
Roman writers claim that the Picts sailed in from Scythia and have linked that name to Scandia, attributing Norse invasions from Northmen, long before the Norman invasions across Europe.
In ancient Cymri, ‘Aber’ means ‘mouth of a river’. Aberdeen (D) literally translates to ‘the mouth of the river with black ships or people’ – black of heart, ruling with the force of law/economics/flow of currency = in the black absorbs all light, i.e. knowledge of accumulating wealth and commodities. The river Dee was heavily guarded by the Picts, their stone inscriptions are still found all over those areas. The Dee flows into the North sea at Aberdeen, flowing down from the Cairngorms, and Royal Deeside, Balmoral Castle, between Banchory and Braemar. b is just a reversed d.
Banchory = Bank of Ore; river bank, trading metals (currency) in ships. In ancient times the Cairngorm mountain range was mined for Gold, Silver and many other metals.
Braemar = Briidi; painted ones. Mar is sea. Painted ones of the sea.
Balmoral = Morals of Bal; mor from moira = sea. Bal/light, suns (sons) of the sea people.
It is claimed that the Picts were Christianized in the 5-6th centuries, and merged with the Gaelic tribes called Scots/Scotti from Ireland, in the 7-8th Centuries. In the 9th century the first king of Scotland, some say the first Pictish king was named Kenneth MacAlpine and the name Pict seems to fade out of history.
Kenneth = Knoweth = Wisdom = Technique.
MacAlpine = Mic(h)Ael pen = the technique of controlling in god’s name = divine law = rule of kings. Or, Sons of a lofty mountain = giants of men, coming down from a high.
Coincidentally, the Scots then begin naming all their tribes Mac. Mic in Gaelic is for sun. Mac = son of...sun.
Back to Barry Fell; he has translated Celtic Ogham (pigs might fly) found on inscriptions all over the East coast of Northern America. One inscription reads: “cargo platform for ships from Phoenicia.” The letters used are, F-N-K, vowels are not present in ancient languages. The Arabic word for Phoenician, is Finiqui. Greek name is Phoiniks, meaning “men of the purple.” Wild Mountain Thyme or Purple Heather is a well known Scottish ballad. The Scottish thistle is purple, the colour of the dawn. On funerary stones is inscribed the letters, M-A-Q-Q-I, signifying “son of,” transliterated into MAC – sons of the MAGGI. The Phoenicians are well known for worshipping (they loved shipping too) their god, “Kana’ni” – Canaanites – Kain-nights Templar, whom also loved to loot, sorry, trade across North America.
Here is a great video by Barry Fell that shows we have been under an ancient system of piracy and robbery, sorry, commerce and trade for ALL OF OUR KNOWN HIS STORY. Barry also shows us that language has never been created to free us, but, created and used by a highly intelligent international, multilingual priesthood for controlling the OLD WORLD (Glow Ball) ORDER, there’s nothing new about it.
TartanTinker, I am going to have to just take all of this and turn it into an article, with your name on it, of course, unless you want to do so yourself. I don't want all this good stuff to get lost in here!
Nothing can be taken at face value. Helena - the Face that launched a thousand ships in Trojan Wars 'for her beauty'. Also Reuben, the first born son of Jacob and Leah means 'behold a son' with Stein being Stone, Rock. On their memorial days of 'the event', attendees place a stone or pebble in a central bowl, I guess to symbolise 'the rebuilding of the temple'. I attended one out of curiousity at the masonic Temple/Town Hall.
I have little to add to this excellent feature except: during the many wars between England and France, lipstick changed class and meaning depending on what 'the other side' were doing. In England, it was considered gawdy for respectable ladies to consider, whilst in France, it was epitome of style. Then it swapped status each way.
The 'Ladies' Trump and Lauder look decidedly masculine, which is where the heavy make-up for photography and film was fully exploited, to deceive and seduce the eye from the natural into the image.
The blue paint of 'The Picts' was called Woad and the practice of body-art was likely used by many tribes to terrify invaders as much as defenders. I was sad to learn that one of the first deconstructions of the native peoples of Briton and Ireland was to ban their circle dancing and music, considered primitive and 'ungodly' The Puritanical Era banned colourful clothes and singing as well. Oh the misery of zealots, the orthodoxy and pious for Wombman. The wonderfully colourful, distinctive, national costomes of Nations, turned to black shrouds.
WOW....things that make you go MMMHHH🤔 THANK you Melissa for this DEEP, DEEP DIVE into 'WAR PAINT/MAKE-UP/WORLD CONQUEST' and giving us a glimpse into the world players. Makes one REALLY wonder WHO these women's parents/hubbies really were in order for them to be such PIVITOL world players, oh sorry, painters😉
Thanks, Faith. There's so much more! For instance, looking at your comment made me wonder about the children of Elizabeth Arden (none) and Helena Rubinstein (two sons). Both of Rubinstein's sons worked for her company. Her younger son died of a heart attack in his forties. Her older son lived to 79, and appears to have dabbled in philanthropy, and served on the Board of Governors of the Tel Aviv Museum. What was most interesting about Roy, is that he was in the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) during WWII. The OSS was a precursor to the CIA.
The most important legacy that Estee Lauder left behind was her family. I could have gone much deeper into them and maybe it's a part 2! :) Her granddaughters are active in philanthropy and all that really entails. Their marriages have also added to empire and intelligence gathering. For instance, Jane is married to Kevin Warsh, who was the youngest-ever governor and appointee to the U.S. Federal Reserve System. He has been said to be on the short list to succeed Jerome Powell as Chairman of the Federal Reserve.
It's a small world for some.
Again I say WOW!!!! Things in this world are NEVER as they seem or better yet, as they are presented to us. YES, a part 2 is definitely NEEDED!!!! xoxoxox
Quite the deep dive. Here’s a war-paint related article from yesterday about a football player that was fined for writing “stop the genocide” in the black strips under his eyes last week in a playoff game:
https://www.espn.com/nfl/story/_/id/47651109/source-azeez-al-shaair-fined-stop-genocide-eye-black
Also, about the Aspen Institute, could be just a coincidence, but it’s kind of notable that it has such a close proximity to the military base carved into Cheyenne Mountain in Colorado that was originally known as “Ent Air Force Base.”
“In its mirror mass culture is always the fairest in all the land.” Theodore Adorno
Thank you. Indeed, that's a good example of war paint.
Interesting religious name. Lauds or Laudes is the first canonical hour of the divine office beginning at 6...hmm?...aren’t they Jewish? Laudes signifies the dawn, or the dawning of a new age and also the resurrection of Christ. Historically, Matins, a night prayer, or a lament for the dying of a Sun/Son, and Lauds were a single office that ended only at dawn. In Christian tradition Laudes was a morning prayer, including repeating psalms in praise (laudate) and celebration (laud) of the resurrected Sun of god. The dawn is associated with Jesus Christ as the light of the world, who came to dispel the spiritual darkness, (John 8:12.)
Perhaps religion is the Laudanum of the masses?
Interesting that this was one of the first companies to enter the USSR after the fall of the wall, then quickly moved into China. I’m sure Estee (East) Lauder (laudatory) sings praise to the land of the rising sun.
Awwww! You spoiled it now...I was saving my ‘secrets’ for when Alan talked about Scotland in the ‘Covid Years.’ Oh well, I’ll post some of it now, since you asked so nicely, but it’s not finished and I’m still reading.
When you dig into the ancient writings you’ll find many theories on the origin, physical stature and manners of the Pict’s. Here are a few of the deliberate contradictions which lead us all in Celtic circles. ‘Spinning circles in my mind’ — a Pictish problem indeed. A Pict paints a thousand (contra) dictions—words.
The name Pict comes from the Roman name Pictii, which means the painted ones or tattooed ones. (They may have called themselves something else because our histories are written by the conquerors who DePict history in a certain shade or colour.) They were known to inhabit Northern Britain around 2500 BC. They were known to have ancient kingdoms which pre-date any Celtic peoples or the authorized history we have been given.
In ancient writings they are depicted as ‘non-Ayran’ origin, separate from the Scots of Ireland. A small pygmy people with short black curly hair. They tattooed their bodies with a sharp needle in a sundry of colours, but predominately blue or green, which was derived from tree roots, plants and moss. There were described as a people unclothed. These traits are not Celtic or ancient European. This seems to designate an eastern origin. Also, Northern Britain was more a temperate climate in ancient times
Here is a quote from James Boswell, ‘The Journal of a Tour to the Hebrides with Samuel Johnson, LL.D.’ published in 1784, but recorded in 1773:
“There was great diversity in the faces of the circle around us: Some were as black and wild in their appearance as any American savages whatever. One woman was as comely almost as the figure of Sappho, as we see it painted.”
I cannot confirm the authenticity of this video or the photographs, or I don’t agree with the whole Jewish connection. Enjoy the nice music from Clannad though.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fSDfz3qV9vI
On old maps of Edinburgh, the area of Morningside, there are areas called Canaan and Egypt, with a small burn, called Jordan. Dumyat is a hill in the area known as Ochil hills, in Scotland, named after areas in Egypt with exactly the same names. The island of Iona is named after Ionian of Grecian fame.
Some say the Picts or in Scots Gaelic, Pechts, were tall, long limbed, and shaved their beards but not their top lip.
Some authors claim that they were ancient Britons who inhabited the island long before our known history, but some say that their language was no different to Cymri of Briton, from the Cambrian Mountains. Cam means egg – born of a wondrous egg – Bri, comes from Briidi which means ‘painted ones.’ Painted eggs for Easter?
They were fierce warriors who rode small horses, using a target (small round shield) and spears, they also carried a sword – much in common with the Khazars. They are described as a barbarous people (according to civilized historians! Control freaks don’t like difference). There was no marriage. The women had children to multiple male partners, if desired, but monogamy was also known, meaning neither was a taboo. The men were the protectors of the tribe while the women and children were the heart of the tribe. Some say that they held animals in herds and flocks and lived without houses or castles, living in forests or open shelters. Others say they built stone houses, half in the earth or wooden structures, ie log cabins.
Their art, the so called Celtic art was definitely used by the Picts, but has its origin in Asia and India. (Many English words and the symbols of this system originate from ancient India.) Constructing weaponry, building stone houses or carving wooden structures, signifies that they had knowledge of scientific techniques in metallurgy, alchemy and many other crafts. Some say they knew how to mine and were classed as a cave dwelling or subterranean people, trading in metals and wearing intricate jewellery. We are certainly not dealing with ape men or women. We are dealing with scientific knowledge which pre-dates our known history.
Historians would have you believe that Hadrian built a wall to keep out the marauding Picts. The Romans actually built two walls. The Antonius or Antonine wall, built much further north, located near the Firth of the Forth, spanning Scotland from East to West. My own personal opinion on the building of walls to keep the hordes out, could also show that the Romans wanted to keep the hordes in, pen them in for experimentation purposes, possibly to breed them out. Long term business planning.
The Picts were forced to flee and defend themselves in the hills and crags of the Highland mountains in Scotland – the Highlanders. Which they did with success for hundreds if not thousands of years. We have to take their telescoping of time with a huge pinch of sea salt. I think we are dealing with histories that has been buried in the sands of time.
The Cymri word for the head of a wall is Pennakel. Pentagon. To be pent up, to pen in.
“Beneath the rule of men entirely great the pen is mightier than the sword.”
Some authors say the Picts were called; Di or Deu-Caledonians. Dee, or the letter D, signifies black in ancient Cymri. Many of the Irish Scotti and Welsh Briton tribes begin with D; Desi & Dyfed. (Be sure to get Alan’s books for a deeper understanding of commonly used letters and the significance of Dee, DesDemona’s Dictionary!) Some authors claimed them pirates or robbers, ‘black Scots’ or ‘black armies’ with black ships. That could easily signify ships tarred with bitumen, or that the ships were crewed with black heads? The same authors say they were an ancient sea faring people.
In America B.C., by Barry Fell, he shows evidence that the Celt’s and Pict’s were far more advanced in building ships and sea-faring than the Romans in the time of Caesar, whom waxed lyrical about the craftsmanship of the Celtic navy, stating that the height of their ships were so dominant that they had an advantage in using their spears to attack the much smaller Roman vessels. Remember, in Scots, to spear means to dig in; to spear is a mining term. Caesar also claimed the superiority of the Celtic vessels to withstand tempests and high waves, he was amazed that their ships had no oars, but could sail against the wind due their navigational skills. Barry Fell has uncovered analogue mechanical devices, computational astrolabes for measuring and identifying stars and constellations during the day for navigational purposes. Advanced scientific techniques in ancient times, which many historians and AI continually try to obfuscate.
Roman writers claim that the Picts sailed in from Scythia and have linked that name to Scandia, attributing Norse invasions from Northmen, long before the Norman invasions across Europe.
In ancient Cymri, ‘Aber’ means ‘mouth of a river’. Aberdeen (D) literally translates to ‘the mouth of the river with black ships or people’ – black of heart, ruling with the force of law/economics/flow of currency = in the black absorbs all light, i.e. knowledge of accumulating wealth and commodities. The river Dee was heavily guarded by the Picts, their stone inscriptions are still found all over those areas. The Dee flows into the North sea at Aberdeen, flowing down from the Cairngorms, and Royal Deeside, Balmoral Castle, between Banchory and Braemar. b is just a reversed d.
Banchory = Bank of Ore; river bank, trading metals (currency) in ships. In ancient times the Cairngorm mountain range was mined for Gold, Silver and many other metals.
Braemar = Briidi; painted ones. Mar is sea. Painted ones of the sea.
Balmoral = Morals of Bal; mor from moira = sea. Bal/light, suns (sons) of the sea people.
It is claimed that the Picts were Christianized in the 5-6th centuries, and merged with the Gaelic tribes called Scots/Scotti from Ireland, in the 7-8th Centuries. In the 9th century the first king of Scotland, some say the first Pictish king was named Kenneth MacAlpine and the name Pict seems to fade out of history.
Kenneth = Knoweth = Wisdom = Technique.
MacAlpine = Mic(h)Ael pen = the technique of controlling in god’s name = divine law = rule of kings. Or, Sons of a lofty mountain = giants of men, coming down from a high.
Coincidentally, the Scots then begin naming all their tribes Mac. Mic in Gaelic is for sun. Mac = son of...sun.
Back to Barry Fell; he has translated Celtic Ogham (pigs might fly) found on inscriptions all over the East coast of Northern America. One inscription reads: “cargo platform for ships from Phoenicia.” The letters used are, F-N-K, vowels are not present in ancient languages. The Arabic word for Phoenician, is Finiqui. Greek name is Phoiniks, meaning “men of the purple.” Wild Mountain Thyme or Purple Heather is a well known Scottish ballad. The Scottish thistle is purple, the colour of the dawn. On funerary stones is inscribed the letters, M-A-Q-Q-I, signifying “son of,” transliterated into MAC – sons of the MAGGI. The Phoenicians are well known for worshipping (they loved shipping too) their god, “Kana’ni” – Canaanites – Kain-nights Templar, whom also loved to loot, sorry, trade across North America.
Here is a great video by Barry Fell that shows we have been under an ancient system of piracy and robbery, sorry, commerce and trade for ALL OF OUR KNOWN HIS STORY. Barry also shows us that language has never been created to free us, but, created and used by a highly intelligent international, multilingual priesthood for controlling the OLD WORLD (Glow Ball) ORDER, there’s nothing new about it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ui4_ZHXKLB8
How many times has Alan told us, “There’s one combined force at the very top.”
Wals create structural changes, and Laws change reality.
TartanTinker, I am going to have to just take all of this and turn it into an article, with your name on it, of course, unless you want to do so yourself. I don't want all this good stuff to get lost in here!
Nothing can be taken at face value. Helena - the Face that launched a thousand ships in Trojan Wars 'for her beauty'. Also Reuben, the first born son of Jacob and Leah means 'behold a son' with Stein being Stone, Rock. On their memorial days of 'the event', attendees place a stone or pebble in a central bowl, I guess to symbolise 'the rebuilding of the temple'. I attended one out of curiousity at the masonic Temple/Town Hall.
I have little to add to this excellent feature except: during the many wars between England and France, lipstick changed class and meaning depending on what 'the other side' were doing. In England, it was considered gawdy for respectable ladies to consider, whilst in France, it was epitome of style. Then it swapped status each way.
The 'Ladies' Trump and Lauder look decidedly masculine, which is where the heavy make-up for photography and film was fully exploited, to deceive and seduce the eye from the natural into the image.
The blue paint of 'The Picts' was called Woad and the practice of body-art was likely used by many tribes to terrify invaders as much as defenders. I was sad to learn that one of the first deconstructions of the native peoples of Briton and Ireland was to ban their circle dancing and music, considered primitive and 'ungodly' The Puritanical Era banned colourful clothes and singing as well. Oh the misery of zealots, the orthodoxy and pious for Wombman. The wonderfully colourful, distinctive, national costomes of Nations, turned to black shrouds.